Sentence, Clause, Phrase, Word

A Sentence contains one or several clauses
A Clause contains one or several phrases
A phrase contains one or several words
A word contains one or several morphemes
A morpheme contains one or several phonemes

Sentence Functions
Declarative, Statement
Interrogative, Question
Imperative, Command
Exclamative, Exclamation

> Speech Acts: what the sentence is to perform
what the speaker intends to do with that sentence

Sentence Constituents

S = Subject
V = Verb
C = Complement
O = Object
P = Predicative
A = Adverbial

> Sentence/Clause Patterns, e.g.
S V
S V P
S V O
S V O P
S V O O
S V A
S V O A